Cruciani et al. (2004)

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Cruciani et al. (2004)

"Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa"

American Journal of Human Genetics 74: 1014-1022 http://www.familytreedna.com/pdf/hape3b.pdf

Received 17 December 2003; accepted 6 February 2004. Available online 23 December 2007.

Authors

• Fulvio Cruciani 1,
• Roberta La Fratta 1,
• Piero Santolamazza 1,
• Daniele Sellitto 1, 3,
• Roberto Pascone 2,
• Pedro Moral 5,
• Elizabeth Watson 6,
• Valentina Guida 4,
• Eliane Beraud Colomb 7,
• Boriana Zaharova 8,
• João Lavinha 9,
• Giuseppe Vona 10,
• Rashid Aman 11, 12,
• Francesco Calì 13,
• Nejat Akar 14,
• Martin Richards 15,
• Antonio Torroni 16,
• Andrea Novelletto 17
• Rosaria Scozzari 1, 3, (Corresponding Author)

Contact Information, E-mail rosaria.scozzari@uniroma1.it Address for correspondence and reprints: Dr. Rosaria Scozzari, Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Università “La Sapienza,” Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy

Associations

• 1. Dipartimento di Genetica e Biologia Molecolare, Rome

• 2. Dipartimento di Scienze Ginecologiche Perinatologia e Puericultura, Università “La Sapienza”, Rome

• 3. Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolare del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome

• 4. Istituto Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza-Mendel, Rome

• 5. Departament de Biologia Animal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona

• 6. The Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm

• 7. Laboratoire d’Immunologie, Hôpital de Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille

• 8. Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sofia, Bulgaria

• 9. Centro de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa, Portugal

• 10. Dipartimento di Biologia Sperimentale, Università di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

• 11. Department of Molecular Genetics, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi

• 12. African Centre for Clinical Trials, Nairobi

• 13. Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto per la Ricerca sul Ritardo Mentale e l'Involuzione Cerebrale, Associazione Oasi Maria SS, Troina, Italy

• 14. Pediatrics Department, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

• 15. Schools of Biology and Computing, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

• 16. Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy

• 17. Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare, Università della Calabria, Rende, Italy

Abstract

We explored the phylogeography of human Y-chromosomal haplogroup E3b by analyzing 3,401 individuals from five continents. Our data refine the phylogeny of the entire haplogroup, which appears as a collection of lineages with very different evolutionary histories, and reveal signatures of several distinct processes of migrations and/or recurrent gene flow that occurred in Africa and western Eurasia over the past 25,000 years. In Europe, the overall frequency pattern of haplogroup E-M78 does not support the hypothesis of a uniform spread of people from a single parental Near Eastern population. The distribution of E-M81 chromosomes in Africa closely matches the present area of distribution of Berber-speaking populations on the continent, suggesting a close haplogroup–ethnic group parallelism. E-M34 chromosomes were more likely introduced in Ethiopia from the Near East. In conclusion, the present study shows that earlier work based on fewer Y-chromosome markers led to rather simple historical interpretations and highlights the fact that many population-genetic analyses are not robust to a poorly resolved phylogeny.

Haplowiki Comments

Data from this article and the related article Cruciani et al. (2007) are collated in an article called Cruciani data.